Merit aid · Outside award rules
Will an outside scholarship actually lower your college bill?
We read the published outside-scholarship policy at hundreds of colleges and sorted them by one question: if your student wins an outside award, does it lower your bill or just replace aid you already had? About 1 in 3 never say.
We read the actual policy at 578 colleges and sorted them by one question: if your student wins an outside scholarship, does it lower your bill — or just replace aid you already had?
The index
How 578 colleges treat an outside scholarship
| What the school’s rule does | Schools | Share | What it means for your family |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clearly says it helps | 14 | 2.4% | Stacks on top — lowers your bill |
| Usually reduces loans/work-study first | 145 | 25.1% | Your award usually still helps |
| Capped at full cost | 235 | 40.7% | Usually helps unless you're near a full ride |
| Conditional / case-by-case | 32 | 5.5% | Depends — check before you count it |
| Can reduce the college grant first | 19 | 3.3% | Check before spending hours applying |
| No published answer | 133 | 23% | Ask the aid office before counting the money |
578 of 749 verified schools state a rule; we show the school's own words on 99.5% of them. Last checked 2026-07-24.
What to do
What this means for your family
- Usually reduces loans/work-study first → usually still helps — the award trims loans before it ever touches a grant.
- Capped at full cost → usually helps unless your package is already near a full ride.
- Can reduce the college grant first → check before spending hours — this order can cut money you already earned.
- No published rule → ask the aid office before counting the money. Silence is not “they’ll take it.”
The headline finding
For about 1 in 3 colleges, the page never says what happens to your aid
Read strictly, 21.8% of the schools we classified by hand never state how an outside award is treated (23% including auto-built pages, which default to “unknown”). It is universal, not a public-vs-private gap: public 25.8%, private 15.7%, and religious 26.1% are all about the same. The fix is the same everywhere — one email to the aid office before you commit.
“No published answer” means the rule isn’t published — not that the school will take your scholarship. See the exact question to ask the aid office.
Where it clearly works
A school that says, in writing, your award won’t cut your aid is rare
Just 14 of 578 colleges (1 in 42) publish a clean “it stacks on top” rule. But don’t read that as “outside scholarships rarely help”: a further 235 cap aid only at full cost, so for most families below that cap an award is still additive. Cap-free and purely additive is what’s rare — not awards that help.
- Oregon
“Receipt of scholarships from organizations and agencies other than the University of Oregon will not affect your Apex Scholarship.”
The school’s own words - North Dakota
“You may accept non-UND scholarships without affecting your UND scholarships. External, non-UND scholarships must be accounted for in your financial aid package.”
The school’s own words - UWF
“If I am also receiving any private scholarships or federal funds (grants and/or loans), will I still receive my Admissions Merit Scholarship? Yes. The Admissions Merit Scholarship is a University award and will be applied first to your direct costs. Any remaining balance will be covered by your private scholarships/federal funds. If any awards remain once your bill is covered, they will be disbursed to you per University guidelines. ... Students who live on campus will have the full value of their award and Florida Bright Futures scholarships applied to their tuition and fees, on-campus housing, and meal plan costs. The Florida Bright Futures scholarship applies directly to tuition and fees. The Admissions Merit Scholarship will cover any remaining University expenses, specifically on-campus housing and meal plans, up to the value of your award. If any funds remain, then you will receive an $800 per-semester textbook stipend.”
The school’s own words
The one to check
A few schools can reduce your college grant first
19 colleges publish the order that can cut the institutional grant you already earned — the one to confirm before you spend hours applying. It only matters if your student actually receives a college grant; full-pay students are unaffected. The named, source-checked list is in final review and will appear here once verified.
Why you can trust this
We show our work
Every call is read from the college’s own page — we show the school’s own words on 99.5% of them, with the date we checked. School sources cited. No college kickbacks. When a rule is unclear, we say so and give you the question to ask.
Browse the schools behind each rule
The colleges below have a full, source-checked breakdown of how they treat an outside scholarship. (More schools are counted in the index above than appear here — a school needs enough verified detail to earn its own page.)
Loan-first displacement
- ArizonaSee the school’s policy
- ASU BarrettSee the school’s policy
- AvilaSee the school’s policy
- Baldwin WallaceSee the school’s policy
- BentleySee the school’s policy
- Boise StateSee the school’s policy
- Boston CollegeSee the school’s policy
- BrownSee the school’s policy
- BUSee the school’s policy
- CameronSee the school’s policy
- Carroll UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Case Western ReserveSee the school’s policy
- Cedar CrestSee the school’s policy
- Central CollegeSee the school’s policy
- ChapmanSee the school’s policy
- CincinnatiSee the school’s policy
- ClarkSee the school’s policy
- CMUSee the school’s policy
- College of WoosterSee the school’s policy
- Colorado MinesSee the school’s policy
- Colorado StateSee the school’s policy
- ColumbiaSee the school’s policy
- CornellSee the school’s policy
- CU BoulderSee the school’s policy
- DartmouthSee the school’s policy
- DenisonSee the school’s policy
- DenverSee the school’s policy
- DickinsonSee the school’s policy
- DukeSee the school’s policy
- EarlhamSee the school’s policy
- Eastern Kentucky UniversitySee the school’s policy
- ElonSee the school’s policy
- EWUSee the school’s policy
- FairfieldSee the school’s policy
- FGCUSee the school’s policy
- George MasonSee the school’s policy
- GeorgetownSee the school’s policy
- Greensboro CollegeSee the school’s policy
- GrinnellSee the school’s policy
- GuilfordSee the school’s policy
- Gustavus AdolphusSee the school’s policy
- HamiltonSee the school’s policy
- HarvardSee the school’s policy
- Heidelberg UniversitySee the school’s policy
- HendrixSee the school’s policy
- HussonSee the school’s policy
- Huston-TillotsonSee the school’s policy
- Idaho StateSee the school’s policy
- IllinoisSee the school’s policy
- Illinois WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- IndianaSee the school’s policy
- Indiana WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- Johns HopkinsSee the school’s policy
- Keene StateSee the school’s policy
- KentuckySee the school’s policy
- King's College (PA)See the school’s policy
- LaGrangeSee the school’s policy
- Lawrence UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Lewis & ClarkSee the school’s policy
- LinfieldSee the school’s policy
- Louisiana TechSee the school’s policy
- LouisvilleSee the school’s policy
- Loyola MarylandSee the school’s policy
- Loyola MarymountSee the school’s policy
- MaristSee the school’s policy
- MarywoodSee the school’s policy
- MercerSee the school’s policy
- MessiahSee the school’s policy
- MichiganSee the school’s policy
- MITSee the school’s policy
- MuskingumSee the school’s policy
- NebraskaSee the school’s policy
- Nebraska–Kearney (UNK)See the school’s policy
- New HampshireSee the school’s policy
- North Central (IL)See the school’s policy
- NortheasternSee the school’s policy
- NorthwesternSee the school’s policy
- Occidental CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Oklahoma StateSee the school’s policy
- Ole MissSee the school’s policy
- Olin CollegeSee the school’s policy
- OtterbeinSee the school’s policy
- PacificSee the school’s policy
- PennSee the school’s policy
- PLUSee the school’s policy
- Plymouth StateSee the school’s policy
- PomonaSee the school’s policy
- PortlandSee the school’s policy
- ProvidenceSee the school’s policy
- Randolph-MaconSee the school’s policy
- Rhode Island CollegeSee the school’s policy
- RichmondSee the school’s policy
- RochesterSee the school’s policy
- Roger WilliamsSee the school’s policy
- Saint Joseph'sSee the school’s policy
- Saint Mary's (CA)See the school’s policy
- Salve ReginaSee the school’s policy
- Sam Houston StateSee the school’s policy
- San Diego StateSee the school’s policy
- SmithSee the school’s policy
- South AlabamaSee the school’s policy
- Southern Oregon (SOU)See the school’s policy
- SpelmanSee the school’s policy
- StanfordSee the school’s policy
- StonehillSee the school’s policy
- SUNY New PaltzSee the school’s policy
- SusquehannaSee the school’s policy
- Sweet BriarSee the school’s policy
- SyracuseSee the school’s policy
- TCUSee the school’s policy
- Texas A&MSee the school’s policy
- Texas StateSee the school’s policy
- Texas TechSee the school’s policy
- TuftsSee the school’s policy
- UC BerkeleySee the school’s policy
- UC DavisSee the school’s policy
- UC IrvineSee the school’s policy
- UC San DiegoSee the school’s policy
- UCLASee the school’s policy
- UConnSee the school’s policy
- UGASee the school’s policy
- ULMSee the school’s policy
- UMaine Presque IsleSee the school’s policy
- UNC Chapel HillSee the school’s policy
- UNE (Maine)See the school’s policy
- University of MarylandSee the school’s policy
- University of MemphisSee the school’s policy
- University of MiamiSee the school’s policy
- University of TampaSee the school’s policy
- URISee the school’s policy
- USCSee the school’s policy
- UT AustinSee the school’s policy
- Utah Valley UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Utica UniversitySee the school’s policy
- UVASee the school’s policy
- VanderbiltSee the school’s policy
- VillanovaSee the school’s policy
- Wake ForestSee the school’s policy
- Washington CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Western KentuckySee the school’s policy
- WidenerSee the school’s policy
- William PeaceSee the school’s policy
- Winston-Salem State (WSSU)See the school’s policy
- WPISee the school’s policy
- YaleSee the school’s policy
Grant-first displacement
- Bethune-CookmanSee the school’s policy
- Carson-NewmanSee the school’s policy
- CentreSee the school’s policy
- DelawareSee the school’s policy
- Edward WatersSee the school’s policy
- Florida TechSee the school’s policy
- GWUSee the school’s policy
- Hawaii PacificSee the school’s policy
- KenyonSee the school’s policy
- MacalesterSee the school’s policy
- Macaulay Honors CollegeSee the school’s policy
- NDSUSee the school’s policy
- Oral Roberts (ORU)See the school’s policy
- Prairie View A&MSee the school’s policy
- PrincetonSee the school’s policy
- StetsonSee the school’s policy
- Union UniversitySee the school’s policy
- WileySee the school’s policy
- WilliamsSee the school’s policy
No displacement
- AlabamaSee the school’s policy
- Brevard CollegeSee the school’s policy
- ChamplainSee the school’s policy
- CoeSee the school’s policy
- Concordia Ann ArborSee the school’s policy
- CorbanSee the school’s policy
- HillsdaleSee the school’s policy
- LafayetteSee the school’s policy
- MariettaSee the school’s policy
- North DakotaSee the school’s policy
- OregonSee the school’s policy
- Truett McConnellSee the school’s policy
- UWFSee the school’s policy
- WhitworthSee the school’s policy
Cost-of-attendance cap
- Albertus MagnusSee the school’s policy
- Albion CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Alice LloydSee the school’s policy
- AmericanSee the school’s policy
- AquinasSee the school’s policy
- ArkansasSee the school’s policy
- Arkansas TechSee the school’s policy
- Asbury UniversitySee the school’s policy
- AuburnSee the school’s policy
- Augustana (IL)See the school’s policy
- Augustana UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Azusa PacificSee the school’s policy
- BellarmineSee the school’s policy
- BelmontSee the school’s policy
- Beloit CollegeSee the school’s policy
- BerkleeSee the school’s policy
- Bethel (MN)See the school’s policy
- BJUSee the school’s policy
- BrenauSee the school’s policy
- BucknellSee the school’s policy
- ButlerSee the school’s policy
- Cal Poly PomonaSee the school’s policy
- Cal State FullertonSee the school’s policy
- Cal State LASee the school’s policy
- CampbellsvilleSee the school’s policy
- Catholic UniversitySee the school’s policy
- CedarvilleSee the school’s policy
- Centenary (LA)See the school’s policy
- Central ArkansasSee the school’s policy
- Central MissouriSee the school’s policy
- Chestnut HillSee the school’s policy
- Chico StateSee the school’s policy
- ChowanSee the school’s policy
- City College of New York (CUNY)See the school’s policy
- ClarksonSee the school’s policy
- Clayton StateSee the school’s policy
- ClemsonSee the school’s policy
- Colorado MesaSee the school’s policy
- Cornell CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Crown CollegeSee the school’s policy
- CSU BakersfieldSee the school’s policy
- CSU PuebloSee the school’s policy
- CWUSee the school’s policy
- DavidsonSee the school’s policy
- Delaware StateSee the school’s policy
- Delta StateSee the school’s policy
- DrakeSee the school’s policy
- DrexelSee the school’s policy
- Duquesne UniversitySee the school’s policy
- East CarolinaSee the school’s policy
- Eastern MennoniteSee the school’s policy
- EckerdSee the school’s policy
- ElizabethtownSee the school’s policy
- Emmanuel (GA)See the school’s policy
- EmorySee the school’s policy
- Emporia StateSee the school’s policy
- ENMUSee the school’s policy
- FaulknerSee the school’s policy
- FiskSee the school’s policy
- FloridaSee the school’s policy
- Florida StateSee the school’s policy
- Fort Lewis CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Francis MarionSee the school’s policy
- Franklin CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Franklin PierceSee the school’s policy
- Freed-HardemanSee the school’s policy
- Fresno StateSee the school’s policy
- Frostburg StateSee the school’s policy
- FurmanSee the school’s policy
- GallaudetSee the school’s policy
- George FoxSee the school’s policy
- Georgia TechSee the school’s policy
- Grambling StateSee the school’s policy
- Grove CitySee the school’s policy
- Hampden-SydneySee the school’s policy
- HamptonSee the school’s policy
- HanoverSee the school’s policy
- Hardin-SimmonsSee the school’s policy
- HardingSee the school’s policy
- Henderson StateSee the school’s policy
- Holy FamilySee the school’s policy
- HoustonSee the school’s policy
- ImmaculataSee the school’s policy
- IowaSee the school’s policy
- Iowa StateSee the school’s policy
- Jacksonville UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Jarvis ChristianSee the school’s policy
- JMUSee the school’s policy
- John Brown UniversitySee the school’s policy
- John Jay CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Kalamazoo CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Lake ForestSee the school’s policy
- LamarSee the school’s policy
- LanderSee the school’s policy
- Lee UniversitySee the school’s policy
- LibertySee the school’s policy
- Liberty OnlineSee the school’s policy
- LimestoneSee the school’s policy
- LipscombSee the school’s policy
- LivingstoneSee the school’s policy
- LSUSee the school’s policy
- LynnSee the school’s policy
- MarquetteSee the school’s policy
- MarylandSee the school’s policy
- MaryvilleSee the school’s policy
- Miami (Ohio)See the school’s policy
- MinnesotaSee the school’s policy
- Minot StateSee the school’s policy
- MisericordiaSee the school’s policy
- Mississippi StateSee the school’s policy
- Missouri StateSee the school’s policy
- MizzouSee the school’s policy
- Montana StateSee the school’s policy
- Montana TechSee the school’s policy
- Morehead StateSee the school’s policy
- MSU NorthernSee the school’s policy
- MSU TexasSee the school’s policy
- MuhlenbergSee the school’s policy
- Murray StateSee the school’s policy
- NAUSee the school’s policy
- NC StateSee the school’s policy
- NCCUSee the school’s policy
- Nevada StateSee the school’s policy
- New College of FloridaSee the school’s policy
- New Mexico StateSee the school’s policy
- NiagaraSee the school’s policy
- NJITSee the school’s policy
- North Carolina A&TSee the school’s policy
- North GreenvilleSee the school’s policy
- North Texas (UNT)See the school’s policy
- NorwichSee the school’s policy
- Notre DameSee the school’s policy
- Nova SoutheasternSee the school’s policy
- NYUSee the school’s policy
- Oakwood UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Ohio StateSee the school’s policy
- Ohio USee the school’s policy
- Ohio WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- OklahomaSee the school’s policy
- Oklahoma BaptistSee the school’s policy
- Oklahoma Christian (OC)See the school’s policy
- Oklahoma City UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Ouachita BaptistSee the school’s policy
- Pacific (OR)See the school’s policy
- PepperdineSee the school’s policy
- PiedmontSee the school’s policy
- PittSee the school’s policy
- Point Loma NazareneSee the school’s policy
- Presbyterian (PC)See the school’s policy
- Puget SoundSee the school’s policy
- PurdueSee the school’s policy
- Purdue NorthwestSee the school’s policy
- QuinnipiacSee the school’s policy
- RadfordSee the school’s policy
- RedlandsSee the school’s policy
- Regent OnlineSee the school’s policy
- Richard Bland CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Robert Morris (PA)See the school’s policy
- RutgersSee the school’s policy
- Sacramento StateSee the school’s policy
- Saint AnselmSee the school’s policy
- SalisburySee the school’s policy
- Seattle PacificSee the school’s policy
- Seattle USee the school’s policy
- ShenandoahSee the school’s policy
- ShorterSee the school’s policy
- SMUSee the school’s policy
- South CarolinaSee the school’s policy
- Southern MissSee the school’s policy
- Southern Nazarene (SNU)See the school’s policy
- Southern WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- Spring ArborSee the school’s policy
- St. Mary's (MD)See the school’s policy
- St. OlafSee the school’s policy
- St. Thomas (MN)See the school’s policy
- StillmanSee the school’s policy
- Stony BrookSee the school’s policy
- STU (Miami)See the school’s policy
- SUNY BrockportSee the school’s policy
- SUNY PotsdamSee the school’s policy
- Taylor (IN)See the school’s policy
- TennesseeSee the school’s policy
- Tennessee StateSee the school’s policy
- Tennessee WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- Texas WesleyanSee the school’s policy
- The CitadelSee the school’s policy
- TowsonSee the school’s policy
- Truman StateSee the school’s policy
- TuskegeeSee the school’s policy
- UABSee the school’s policy
- UAFSee the school’s policy
- UAFSSee the school’s policy
- UCFSee the school’s policy
- UChicagoSee the school’s policy
- UCMSee the school’s policy
- UCSBSee the school’s policy
- UDallasSee the school’s policy
- UH MānoaSee the school’s policy
- UHartSee the school’s policy
- UMass AmherstSee the school’s policy
- UMN DuluthSee the school’s policy
- University of MaineSee the school’s policy
- University of MontanaSee the school’s policy
- University of the OzarksSee the school’s policy
- UNLVSee the school’s policy
- UNOSee the school’s policy
- UOlivetSee the school’s policy
- UProvidenceSee the school’s policy
- UrsulineSee the school’s policy
- USFSee the school’s policy
- USWSee the school’s policy
- Utah StateSee the school’s policy
- UTEPSee the school’s policy
- UW SeattleSee the school’s policy
- Vermont (UVM)See the school’s policy
- Virginia TechSee the school’s policy
- WabashSee the school’s policy
- Washington StateSee the school’s policy
- WashUSee the school’s policy
- West Texas A&MSee the school’s policy
- West Virginia UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Western CarolinaSee the school’s policy
- Western OregonSee the school’s policy
- WestmontSee the school’s policy
- WGUSee the school’s policy
- Wheaton (IL)See the school’s policy
- Whittier CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Wichita StateSee the school’s policy
- William JewellSee the school’s policy
- WinthropSee the school’s policy
- WisconsinSee the school’s policy
- WoffordSee the school’s policy
- WyomingSee the school’s policy
- Xavier (Louisiana)See the school’s policy
- Xavier (OH)See the school’s policy
Mixed displacement
- AdrianSee the school’s policy
- Alaska SoutheastSee the school’s policy
- BaylorSee the school’s policy
- Bryn MawrSee the school’s policy
- ColgateSee the school’s policy
- Concordia College (Moorhead)See the school’s policy
- DillardSee the school’s policy
- DrewSee the school’s policy
- EmersonSee the school’s policy
- Evansville (UE)See the school’s policy
- FAMUSee the school’s policy
- FordhamSee the school’s policy
- HoodSee the school’s policy
- KetteringSee the school’s policy
- La SalleSee the school’s policy
- Lebanon ValleySee the school’s policy
- LehighSee the school’s policy
- Loyola ChicagoSee the school’s policy
- MadonnaSee the school’s policy
- MorehouseSee the school’s policy
- Mount UnionSee the school’s policy
- Nevada (Reno)See the school’s policy
- OberlinSee the school’s policy
- Oberlin ConservatorySee the school’s policy
- Oklahoma Wesleyan (OKWU)See the school’s policy
- RegentSee the school’s policy
- RiceSee the school’s policy
- Trinity (TX)See the school’s policy
- TulaneSee the school’s policy
- University of New MexicoSee the school’s policy
- Warner PacificSee the school’s policy
- William CareySee the school’s policy
Displacement policy unclear
- ACUSee the school’s policy
- Alcorn StateSee the school’s policy
- AlleghenySee the school’s policy
- AlmaSee the school’s policy
- AndersonSee the school’s policy
- Appalachian StateSee the school’s policy
- Auburn at Montgomery (AUM)See the school’s policy
- Austin CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Baruch CollegeSee the school’s policy
- BelhavenSee the school’s policy
- Belmont AbbeySee the school’s policy
- BHSUSee the school’s policy
- BluefieldSee the school’s policy
- Brewton-ParkerSee the school’s policy
- BYUSee the school’s policy
- BYU-IdahoSee the school’s policy
- BYU-Pathway WorldwideSee the school’s policy
- Cal Poly SLOSee the school’s policy
- Cal State NorthridgeSee the school’s policy
- Cal State San BernardinoSee the school’s policy
- Capital UniversitySee the school’s policy
- CarthageSee the school’s policy
- Central Connecticut StateSee the school’s policy
- Chadron StateSee the school’s policy
- ChaminadeSee the school’s policy
- CharlestonSee the school’s policy
- Chatham UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Coastal CarolinaSee the school’s policy
- College of Staten IslandSee the school’s policy
- Covenant CollegeSee the school’s policy
- CSU San MarcosSee the school’s policy
- DaytonSee the school’s policy
- DefianceSee the school’s policy
- DePaulSee the school’s policy
- Dixie TechSee the school’s policy
- DordtSee the school’s policy
- DrurySee the school’s policy
- East CentralSee the school’s policy
- East Texas A&MSee the school’s policy
- EOUSee the school’s policy
- Florida MemorialSee the school’s policy
- Florida SouthernSee the school’s policy
- Gardner-WebbSee the school’s policy
- Georgia SouthernSee the school’s policy
- GonzagaSee the school’s policy
- Gordon CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Goshen CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Hope International UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Hunter CollegeSee the school’s policy
- HuntingdonSee the school’s policy
- IthacaSee the school’s policy
- Jacksonville StateSee the school’s policy
- Johnson UniversitySee the school’s policy
- JuniataSee the school’s policy
- JWUSee the school’s policy
- Kansas StateSee the school’s policy
- Knox CollegeSee the school’s policy
- Langston UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Lindsey WilsonSee the school’s policy
- LynchburgSee the school’s policy
- MACUSee the school’s policy
- ManchesterSee the school’s policy
- MarymountSee the school’s policy
- Michigan StateSee the school’s policy
- Michigan TechSee the school’s policy
- MillsapsSee the school’s policy
- Missouri S&TSee the school’s policy
- MitchellSee the school’s policy
- Morgan StateSee the school’s policy
- Mount Olive (UMO)See the school’s policy
- MSU BillingsSee the school’s policy
- MVNUSee the school’s policy
- National LouisSee the school’s policy
- New Mexico TechSee the school’s policy
- NichollsSee the school’s policy
- North Alabama (UNA)See the school’s policy
- Northeastern StateSee the school’s policy
- Northern State (NSU)See the school’s policy
- Northwest Missouri StateSee the school’s policy
- Northwest NazareneSee the school’s policy
- Old DominionSee the school’s policy
- Palm Beach AtlanticSee the school’s policy
- Penn State World CampusSee the school’s policy
- Peru StateSee the school’s policy
- PUCPRSee the school’s policy
- Purdue Fort WayneSee the school’s policy
- Queens College (CUNY)See the school’s policy
- Randolph CollegeSee the school’s policy
- ReinhardtSee the school’s policy
- RoanokeSee the school’s policy
- Rollins CollegeSee the school’s policy
- RowanSee the school’s policy
- Saint Louis USee the school’s policy
- SamfordSee the school’s policy
- Santa ClaraSee the school’s policy
- SewaneeSee the school’s policy
- SFASee the school’s policy
- SNHUSee the school’s policy
- Sonoma StateSee the school’s policy
- SoutheasternSee the school’s policy
- Southeastern (SEU)See the school’s policy
- Southeastern Oklahoma StateSee the school’s policy
- Southern Arkansas (SAU)See the school’s policy
- Spring Hill CollegeSee the school’s policy
- St. Cloud StateSee the school’s policy
- Stanislaus StateSee the school’s policy
- StevensSee the school’s policy
- SUNY FredoniaSee the school’s policy
- SUNY OneontaSee the school’s policy
- SUNY PlattsburghSee the school’s policy
- TAMU-Corpus ChristiSee the school’s policy
- Texas LutheranSee the school’s policy
- The Master's UniversitySee the school’s policy
- Thomas More (KY)See the school’s policy
- TroySee the school’s policy
- TulsaSee the school’s policy
- UAHSee the school’s policy
- UF OnlineSee the school’s policy
- UMN MorrisSee the school’s policy
- University of North GeorgiaSee the school’s policy
- UPIKESee the school’s policy
- USAOSee the school’s policy
- USC UpstateSee the school’s policy
- USF (San Francisco)See the school’s policy
- ValpoSee the school’s policy
- Vermont StateSee the school’s policy
- Villa MariaSee the school’s policy
- Walla WallaSee the school’s policy
- Washington and LeeSee the school’s policy
- Weber StateSee the school’s policy
- Western New Mexico (WNMU)See the school’s policy
- WillametteSee the school’s policy
- York College of PASee the school’s policy
Densifying the index
How the rule breaks down by type of school
The six-way split above blends every classified school into one set of numbers. Cut the same 578 schools by who runs them and the mix shifts: right now the most common published rule is Capped at full cost at public colleges, Usually reduces loans/work-study first at private colleges, and Capped at full cost at private and religious colleges.
| What the school’s rule does | Public (n=236) | Private (n=166) | Private, religious (n=176) | All classified (n=578) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearly says it helps | 2% (4/236) | 4% (6/166) | 2% (4/176) | 2% (14/578) |
| Usually reduces loans/work-study first | 22% (53/236) | 38% (64/166) | 16% (28/176) | 25% (145/578) |
| Capped at full cost | 46% (110/236) | 28% (46/166) | 45% (79/176) | 41% (235/578) |
| Conditional / case-by-case | 2% (4/236) | 9% (15/166) | 7% (13/176) | 6% (32/578) |
| Can reduce the college grant first | 2% (4/236) | 5% (9/166) | 4% (6/176) | 3% (19/578) |
| No published answer | 26% (61/236) | 16% (26/166) | 26% (46/176) | 23% (133/578) |
Computed at build time from the same registry and the same six-way classification as the table above; nothing here is typed by hand. n = 578 classified colleges (236 public, 166 private, 176 private and religious). Last checked 2026-07-24.
A worked example
What a $5,000 outside scholarship actually does to the bill
The numbers below are a hypothetical built to show the mechanism, not a real school's aid package or a claim about any specific college. Start with a student admitted at a $60,000 cost of attendance, with an aid package of a $40,000 institutional grant, a $10,000 loan, and a $10,000 work-study award, covering the full cost. The student then wins a $5,000 outside scholarship. A loan-first school (usually reduces loans/work-study first) and a grant-first school (can reduce the college grant first) apply that $5,000 in different places, with different results for the family.
| Aid package line | Before the award | After, loan-first school | After, grant-first school |
|---|---|---|---|
| Institutional grant | $40,000 | $40,000 | $35,000 |
| Loan | $10,000 | $5,000 | $10,000 |
| Work-study | $10,000 | $10,000 | $10,000 |
| Outside scholarship | $0 | $5,000 | $5,000 |
| Total aid plus award | $60,000 | $60,000 | $60,000 |
| Family’s actual gain | N/A | $5,000 less debt | $0 |
Both schools land on the same $60,000 in total aid plus the outside award, so neither one overshoots cost of attendance. The difference is what moved underneath that ceiling. At the loan-first school the family now owes $5,000 less over four years of repayment: the scholarship did real work. At the grant-first school the outside award simply swapped in for $5,000 of institutional grant the college would have given anyway, so the family's bill does not change at all. Same $5,000 win, same $60,000 total, two completely different outcomes for the family.
Read the by-type table above and the by-institution table below for how common each rule actually is, or browse real schools sorted by their published rule. Whichever school is on your list, the question that settles it is the same: ask the aid office in writing whether an outside award reduces the grant, the loans, or nothing at all, before you count the money.
State law backstop
Where state law overrides the school’s own policy
6 states restrict or ban outside-scholarship displacement at colleges by statute: Maryland, New Jersey, Washington, Pennsylvania, California, Minnesota. Maryland acted first, in 2017. Minnesota's 2023 law is the most recent, and it is narrower than the other five: it protects only recipients of the state's own scholarship program, not outside awards generally. No state has passed a new law since 2023.
| State | Year | Scope | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland | 2017 | Public four-year institutions only | HB 266 / SB 327 (2017), Ch. 331/332, Acts of 2017; COMAR 13B.08.13 |
| New Jersey | 2021 | Public institutions of higher education | P.L. 2021, c.223 (S985/A3795) |
| Washington | 2022 | Institutions participating in the Washington College Grant and other state financial-aid programs | HB 1907, Chapter 138, Laws of 2022 (RCW 28B.92.225) |
| Pennsylvania | 2022 | Public institutions only: PASSHE universities and the four state-related universities (Penn State, Pitt, Temple, Lincoln); private Pennsylvania colleges are not covered | Act 55 of 2022 (HB 1642) |
| California | 2022 | Public and private institutions that receive or benefit from state-funded financial aid (e.g. Cal Grant, California Dream Act) | AB 288, the California Ban on Scholarship Displacement Act of 2021; Chapter 925, Statutes of 2022 (Educ. Code, Div. 5, Pt. 42, Ch. 2, Art. 24, commencing § 70045) |
| Minnesota | 2023 | Public postsecondary institutions and Tribal colleges, narrower than the other five: it bars displacement only for the state's own North Star Promise scholarship recipients, not outside scholarships in general | Minn. Stat. § 136A.1465 (North Star Promise Scholarship Program), Laws 2023, ch. 41, art. 2, sec. 19 |
Every citation links to the official legislature, regulation, or session-law text, verified against that primary source. Scope matters here: most of these laws bind public institutions only; California's and Washington's reach further; Minnesota's reaches less far than the other five. A state with no law listed is not evidence that its colleges displace outside awards. It only means no statute currently forces the question, so the school's own published policy is what governs, which is exactly what the tables above and the rest of this page track.